Use Zeolite for Water Treatment

The high cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) of GSA zeolites combined with their selective affinity for specific cations make them uniquely suited to various applications in water treatment. These natural zeolites have been shown to be effective in industrial and municipal waste water systems. The following is a listing of those cations which can be removed from various effluents by GSA zeolites under the proper conditions:

Rb+ Li+ K+ Cs+ NH+4

Na+ Ag+ Cd+2 Pb+2 Zn+2

Ba+2 Sr+2 Cu+2 Ca+2 Hg+2

Mg+2 Fe+3 Co+3 Al+3 Cr+3

One of the first full scale projects to incorporate natural zeolites in a municipal tertiary water treatment system was built for the Tahoe Truckee Sanitation Agency. This system, designed by CH2M Hill, utilizes zeolite as an ion exchange medium for the removal of ammonium (NH+4). The municipal effluent containing ammonium is passed through the natural zeolite which adsorbs the ammonium ion. The efficiency of ammonium removal is dependent upon temperature, water quality, and rate of flow. Regeneration of the natural zeolite bed for reuse is achieved by passing a brine solution through it. The regenerant then is passed through a stripping unit and the ammonium is converted into ammonium sulfate, and sold as a fertilizer.


A pilot project near Denver, Colorado, is now using natural zeolites for the removal of ammonium in a potable water system. Similar systems are now in production which remove various pollutants including heavy metals and radioactive ions from industrial effluents.

One alternative to a typical tertiary water treatment plant is to apply effluents over natural soils. The soil filters the pollutants from the water as it gradually percolates to the natural ground-water table which may be recovered from wells for reuse. The soil, as an ion exchange medium, is regenerated by way of crop production capable of removing many of the pollutants. A major limitation of such systems is the requirement for percolation which typically necessitates the use of a sandy soil type not ideal for ion exchange. The low cation exchange capacity of these sandy soil can then be enhanced through the addition of GSA zeolites which will not impede percolation. Tests of such a system were carried out by Dr. Ian Pepper of the University of Arizona. In these tests, a turf grass was used to regenerate the system and adequate efficiencies of pollutant removal were found to be attainable. Additions of natural zeolites in these systems may be found to favorably improve the sequestering of heavy metals. Further testing is required to fully demonstrate this possibility.

Systems for the specific removal of cations from industrial wastes utilizing natural zeolites as a component of the filter medium have been commercialized. These systems have successfully recovered precious metals from plating operations as well as basic industrial pollutants from effluents.

Reference : http://www.gsaresources.com

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Pupuk Zeolit, Si Murah Berkhasiat Tinggi untuk Kebun Sawit (bagian 2)

Dadang Gusyana - Information Officer, Indonesian Biotechnology Information Centre (Indo BIC) - member of ISAAA SEAsia Centre, 2005

Areal pertanaman sawit paling banyak mengalami degradasi tingkat kesuburan, baik kesuburan secara fisika, kimia ataupun biologi. Journal of Oil Palm Research mengemuka bahwa degradasi kesuburan lahan selain faktor produktivitas sawit yang tinggi juga disebabkan oleh hilangnya nutrisi pupuk karena terlarut melalui resapan air, perubahan cuaca, tidak ada perawatan tanah, tidak memperbaiki aerasi tanah dan tanah tidak lagi mengandung unsur mikro. Dari penelitian di Malaysia melalui studi kelayakan pada perkebunan sawit dengan menggunakan campuran pupuk dan zeolit di dapatkan perbandingan terbaik adalah NPK : Zeolit = 3 : 2. Hasil penelitian tersebut juga menyimpulkan bahwa zeolit dapat menghemat pupuk dan dapat meningkatkan hasil panen.


Gambar 1: Pada pemupukan tanaman dengan pupuk urea, dalam tanah urea akan membentuk ion amonium (NH4+), ion ini apabila tidak diikat oleh tanah (zeolit) maka akan terbuang percuma lewat air irigasi. Dengan demikian unsur hara yang diberikan lewat pemupukan akan lebih efisien apabila tanah pertanian diberi zeolit. Zeolit tidak hanya mengawetkan unsur N saja, tetapi juga K, Ca dan Mg.

Zeolit mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengawetkan pupuk. Kemampuan ini berarti akan menghemat biaya pemupukan, tetapi perlu diingat bahwa zeolit adalah bahan pedamping pupuk Urea, SP-36 dan KCI, bukan pengganti pupuk tersebut. Zeolit juga digunakan untuk mengurangi tingkat pencemaran logam berat seperti Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu2+, Mn2+, Ni2+ pada lingkungan. Modifikasi zeolit sebagai adsorben anion seperti NO3-, Cl-, dan SO4- telah dikembangkan melalui proses kalsinasi zeolit-H pada suhu 5500C.

Secara kimia kandungan zeolit yang utama adalah: Si02 = 62,75%; Al203 =12,71 %; K20 = 1,28 %; CaO = 3,39 %; Na2O = 1,29 %; MnO = 5,58 %; Fe203 = 2,01 %; MgO = 0,85 %; Clinoptilotit = 30 %; Mordernit = 49 %. Sedangkan nilai KPK antara 80 - 120 me/100 gr, nilai yang tergolong tinggi untuk penilaian tingkat kesuburan tanah. Nilai KPK ini akan menentukan kemampuan bahan tersebut untuk menyimpan pupuk yang diberikan sebelum diserap tanaman. Penelitian lainnya dilakukan oleh Winana, ES dkk, yang berjudul Perbaikain Medium Tanam dan Pertumbuhan Melalui Aplikasi Zeolit, Zeolit diketahui dapat memperbaiki kesuburan tanah antara lain melalui peningkatan kapasitas tukar kation.

Penelitian aplikasi zeolit dilakukan pada pembibitan kelapa sawit untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap medium tanam dan pertumbuhan serta serapan hara bibit kelapa sawit telah dilakukan di areal pembibitan kelapa sawit kebun percobaan Aek Pancur dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Medium yang digunakan adalah tanah Typic Paleudults, Typic Udipsamments, dan Typic Hapludults. Perlakuan aplikasi zeolit terdiri dari 4 taraf dosis yaitu 0, 50, 100, dan 150 g/ polybag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian zeolit ke dalam tanah umumnya mampu meningkatkan kandungan hara dalam tanah dan kapasitas tukar kation tanah.

Aplikasi zeolit sebagai bahan pembenah tanah pada pembibitan kelapa sawit tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara bibit hingga umur 11 bulan. Namun demikian, secara umum aplikasi zeolit hingga dosis 100 g/polybag cenderung dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan serapan hara bibit dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa aplikasi zeolit, sedangkan aplikasi dengan dosis hingga 150 g/ polybag cenderung menurunkan pertumbuhan dan serapan hara.

Asal Usul Zeolit

Penemuan zeolit di dunia dimulai dengan ditemukannya Stilbit pada tahun 1756 oleh seorang ilmuwan bernama A. F. Constedt. Constedt menggambarkan kekhasan mineral ini ketika berada dalam pemanasan terlihat seperti mendidih karena molekulnya kehilangan air dengan sangat cepat. Sesuai dengan sifatnya tersebut maka mineral ini diberi nama zeolit yang berasal dari kata ‘zein’ yang berarti mendidih dan ‘lithos’ yang berarti batuan. Pada tahun 1784, Barthelemy Faujas de Saint seorang profesor geologi Perancis menemukan sebuah formulasi yang cantik hasil penelitiannya tentang zeolit yang dipublikasikan dalam bukunya “Mineralogie des Volcans”. Akhirnya berkat jasanya, pada tahun 1842 zeolit baru tersebut dinamai Faujasit.

Zeolit telah dipelajari oleh para ahli mineral selama lebih dari 250 tahun. Berikut ini diberikan tahun ditemukannya mineral zeolit .Semenjak awal tahun 1940-an, ilmuwan Union Carbide telah memulai penelitiannya untuk mensintesis zeolit dan mereka berhasil mensintesis zeolit A dan X murni pada tahun 1950, dan setelah itu banyak ditemukan zeolit sintesis jenis baru. Zeolit merupakan senyawa aluminosilikat terhidrasi yang memiliki kerangka struktur tiga dimensi (3D), mikroporous, dan merupakan padatan kristalin dengan kandungan utama silikon, aluminium, dan oksigen serta mengikat sejumlah tertentu molekul air di dalam porinya.

Karena sifat unik dari zeolit, maka zeolit banyak digunakan untuk berbagai aplikasi di industri diantaranya zeolit digunakan di industri minyak bumi sebagai ‘cracking’, di industri deterjen sebagai penukar ion, pelunak air sadah dan di industri pemurnian air, serta berbagai aplikasi lain.

Dalam bidang pertanian, secara umum zeolit fungsi zeolit adalah: (1) Meningkatkan kadar oksigen terlarut dalam air irigasi lahan persawahan, (2) Menjaga keseimbangan pH tanah, (3) Mampu mengikat logam berat yang bersifat meracun tanaman misalnya Pb dan Cd, (4) Mengikat kation dari unsur dalam pupuk misalnya NH4+ dari urea K+ dari KC1, sehingga penyerapan pupuk menjadi effisien, (5) Ramah lingkungan karena menetralkan unsur yang mencemari lingkungan. (6) Memperbaiki struktur tanah (sifat fisik) karena kandungan Ca dan Na, (7) Meningkatkan KPK tanah (sifat kimia), dan (8) Meningkatkan hasil tanaman.

Untuk informasi produk, dosis pemakaian, pemesanan dan harga klik disini

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Agriculture and Plant Growing Use Of Natural Zeolite On Sandy Soil

Fields of using the natural zeolite embrace practically all kinds of human activities , and above all in agriculture, plant growing and ecology as follows .

1. Ameliorant, natural fertilizer structure modifier, radionuclide absorber
2. Soil deoxidizer (cations of heavy metals in the soil being decontaminated and the soil its elfbeingenriched with micro elements )
3. Stabilizer of mineral fertilizers
4. Mineral component of foamed glass and concrete.
5. Active additive to grouting mortars for well cementing
6. Abrasive materi al for producing cleaning compositions
7. Ion exchanger and sorbent for water purification and softening

Natural HOUSEPLANTS preserves water in the soi l , retaining it for along time and supplying plants with it slowly and continuously.

The use of natural zeolite stops washing out of fertilizers from the soil , restores and increases ability of the soil to exchange nutrients for plants .

Natural zeolite prevents diseases of roots of the plants , being a source of micro elements and a soil temperature regulator.

A significant number of exchange bas es : Ca, Mg, Na, K and various microelements whos equantity distinctively exceeds their content in the soil , get into the soil together with zeolite. Thanks to the hghly active sorbent and to the appearance of exchange bases in the soil solution and the solid phase absorbing functions of the soil complex made up by sandy soils are increased.

The practical introduction of cli noptilolite into the soil results in the significant accumulation of mobile and absorbed calcium; it proves that the natural mineral and the soil interact immediately. The natural zeolite acts as an ion exchanger: cations from the clinoptilolite structure are replaced with hydrogen ions of the soil solution and of the soil solid phase. Thus , as a resul t of the cli noptilolite applicati on the content of Ca, K and Mg exchange bases in the soil absorbing complex is si gnificantly increased as compared with the initial one.

So the increase of the calcium content in the soil complex, caused by zeolite applicati on proves that it actively interacts not only with the soil but also with mineral fertilizers . The point in view is the exchange absorption of important-for-plant-nutrition cations introduced into the soil together with fertilizers . This property of natural zeolites is used to prevent losses of nutrient substances while they are accumulated in the soil .

Genetic resources of mineral and organic resources , being, as it is known, main carriers of the soil absorbing capacity are extremely limited in sandy soils , and consequently is limited is the capacity of the soil to absorb and retain nutritive substances . When natural zeolite is introduced into the soil the content of an active mineral fraction having good ion-exchange properties increases , resulting .in the growth of the absorbing capacity of the fertile soil . In practice the greatest increase in cation capacity may be attained when 1 hectare of land is treated wi th 15 tons of zeolite. This method is rather efficient and its effect is preserved for a long time: from 5 to 7 years .

The cation exchange capacity of the soil enriched with zeolite increases at the expense of natural reserves of alkaline earth elements cations as well as due to its elective exchange capacity to absorb and retain nutritive substances from fertili zers that have been introduced into the soil . With the increase of the absorbing capacity of the soil its most important properties improve which is reflected on the growth and heal th of plants .

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